kubernetes-installation/README.md
2021-10-13 09:43:53 +07:00

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# Installation Guide for Kubernetes Cluster
#### Quick install for kubernetes cluster for worker node
```shell
curl -s -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sombochea/kubernetes-installation/main/kube-cluster-worker-install.sh?v=121020215 | bash
```
### 1. Download kubectl
```shell
curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl"
```
### 2. Validate kubectl
```shell
curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl.sha256"
echo "$(<kubectl.sha256) kubectl" | sha256sum --check
```
### 3. Install kubectl
```shell
sudo install -o root -g root -m 0755 kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
```
##### If none-root access (for local user)
```shell
chmod +x kubectl
mkdir -p ~/.local/bin/kubectl
mv ./kubectl ~/.local/bin/kubectl
# and then add ~/.local/bin/kubectl to $PATH
```
### 4. Verify kubectl installed
```shell
kubectl version --client
```
# Install Helm 3
```shell
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/helm/helm/main/scripts/get-helm-3 | bash
```
# Setup network
```shell
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf
br_netfilter
EOF
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sudo sysctl --system
```
# Install kubernetes tools
### 1. Install CNI plugins (required for most pod network)
```shell
CNI_VERSION="v0.8.2"
ARCH="amd64"
sudo mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
curl -L "https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/${CNI_VERSION}/cni-plugins-linux-${ARCH}-${CNI_VERSION}.tgz" | sudo tar -C /opt/cni/bin -xz
```
```shell
DOWNLOAD_DIR=/usr/local/bin
sudo mkdir -p $DOWNLOAD_DIR
```
### 2. Install crictl (required for kubeadm / Kubelet Container Runtime Interface (CRI))
```shell
CRICTL_VERSION="v1.17.0"
ARCH="amd64"
curl -L "https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases/download/${CRICTL_VERSION}/crictl-${CRICTL_VERSION}-linux-${ARCH}.tar.gz" | sudo tar -C $DOWNLOAD_DIR -xz
```
### 3. Install kubeadm, kubelet and add a kubelet systemd service
```shell
RELEASE="$(curl -sSL https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)"
ARCH="amd64"
cd $DOWNLOAD_DIR
sudo curl -L --remote-name-all https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/${RELEASE}/bin/linux/${ARCH}/{kubeadm,kubelet}
sudo chmod +x {kubeadm,kubelet}
RELEASE_VERSION="v0.4.0"
curl -sSL "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/release/${RELEASE_VERSION}/cmd/kubepkg/templates/latest/deb/kubelet/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service" | sed "s:/usr/bin:${DOWNLOAD_DIR}:g" | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service
sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d
curl -sSL "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/release/${RELEASE_VERSION}/cmd/kubepkg/templates/latest/deb/kubeadm/10-kubeadm.conf" | sed "s:/usr/bin:${DOWNLOAD_DIR}:g" | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubeadm.conf
sudo systemctl enable --now kubelet
```
### 4. Verify installation for kubernetes tools
```shell
kubeadm version
```
### 5. Disable swap and install docker.io
```shell
sudo swapoff -a
wget https://sh.osa.cubetiqs.com/docker-setup.sh
bash docker-setup.sh
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"log-driver": "json-file",
"log-opts": {
"max-size": "100m"
},
"storage-driver": "overlay2"
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker
```
#### Install some required tools
```shell
sudo apt-get -y install socat conntrack
```
### 6. Configure containerd
```shell
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/containerd.conf
overlay
br_netfilter
EOF
sudo modprobe overlay
sudo modprobe br_netfilter
# Setup required sysctl params, these persist across reboots. (If using crio)
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-kubernetes-cri.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
EOF
# Apply sysctl params without reboot
sudo sysctl --system
```
```shell
sudo mkdir -p /etc/containerd
containerd config default | sudo tee /etc/containerd/config.toml
sudo systemctl restart containerd
```
**If using crio**
- Update config
```shell
sudo nano /etc/containerd/config.toml
```
- Change SystemdCgroup from **false** to **true**
```toml
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc]
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]
SystemdCgroup = true
```
- Restart containerd service
```shell
sudo systemctl restart containerd
```
### 7. Cluster on Master node
```shell
sudo kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr 10.16.1.0/8
```
```shell
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
```
##### OR Join Cluster
```shell
sudo kubeadm join ip-api-server:6443 --token $TOKEN --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash $DISCOVERY_HASH
```
#### Cluster Netowrk with Flannel
```shell
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/k8s-manifests/kube-flannel-rbac.yml
```
#### Cluster Network with Calico
```shell
kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml
```
#### Kubernetes Dashboard
```shell
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.3.1/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
```
- Proxy for kubernetes dashboard
```shell
kubectl proxy --namespace kubernetes-dashboard service/kubernetes-dashboard
```
- Access the proxy
http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/kubernetes-dashboard/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/#/login
- Get Token from service account "admin-user"
```shell
kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
```
#### Deploy Storage Class with External NFS server
- Install nfs client for all nodes
```shell
sudo apt install nfs-common -y
```
- Install NFS External Provider
```shell
helm repo add nfs-subdir-external-provisioner https://kubernetes-sigs.github.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner
```
```shell
helm install nfs-subdir-external-provisioner nfs-subdir-external-provisioner/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner \
--set nfs.server=nfs-server-ip \
--set nfs.path=/exported-path
```
#### Create Service Account for Kubernetes Dashboard Token
- Create file: `dashboard-adminuser.yml`
```yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: admin-user
namespace: kube-system
```
```shell
kubectl apply -f dashboard-adminuser.yml
```
- Create file: `admin-role-binding.yml`
```yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: admin-user
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: admin-user
namespace: kube-system
```
```shell
kubectl apply -f admin-role-binding.yml
```
- Get Token
```shell
kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
```
#### Get Kubernetes PKI Hash for Kubeadm
```shell
openssl x509 -pubkey -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt | openssl rsa -pubin -outform der 2>/dev/null | \
openssl dgst -sha256 -hex | sed 's/^.* //'
```
#### Fix Helm Kube Config
```text
WARNING: Kubernetes configuration file is group-readable. This is insecure. Location: ~/.kube/config
WARNING: Kubernetes configuration file is world-readable. This is insecure. Location: ~/.kube/config
```
```shell
chmod o-r ~/.kube/config
chmod g-r ~/.kube/config
```
#### Install kubectl and helm for Windows
- https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl-windows/
- https://helm.sh/docs/intro/install/
#### References
- https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes/#docker